Selenium Interview Question 9

41 : What kind of software testings are possible using selenium WebDriver? We can use It for any other purpose except testing activity?

Answer : Generally we are using selenium WebDriver for functional and regression testing of software web applications.

42 : Give me any five different xPath syntax to locate bellow given Input element.

<input id="fk-top-search-box" class="search-bar-text fk-font-13 ac_input" type="text" autofocus="autofocus" value="" name="q" />

Answer : Five xPath syntax for above element of software web application page are as bellow.

//input[@id='fk-top-search-box']

//input[contains(@name,'q')]

//input[starts-with(@class, "search-bar-text")]

//input[@id='fk-top-search-box' or @name='q']

//input[starts-with(@id, 'fk-top-search-box') and contains(@class,'fk-font-13')]

See detailed tutorial on How To Locate XPath Of Element.

43 : Can you tell me two drawbacks of xPath locators as compared to cssSelector locator?

Answer : Two main disadvantage of xPath locator as compared to cssSelector locator are as bellow.

• It Is slower than cssSelector locator.
• xPath which works In one browser may not work In other browser for same page of software web application because some browsers (Ex. IE) reads only Lower-cased tag name and Attribute Name. So If used It In upper case then It will work In Firefox browser but will not work In IE browser. Every browser reads xPath In different way. In sort, do not use xPath locators In your test cases of software web application If you have to perform cross browser testing using selenium WebDriver software testing tool.

44 : Why xPath locator Is much more popular than all other locator types In WebDriver?

Answer : xPath locators are so much popular In selenium webdriver test case development because

• It Is very easy to learn and understand for any new user.
• There are many functions to build xPath In different ways like contains, starts-with etc.. So If one Is not possible you will have always another option to build xPath of any element.
• Presently many tools and add-ons are available to find xpath of any element.

45 : Give me WebDriver's API name using which we can perform drag and drop operation.

Answer : That API's name Is Advanced User Interactions API using which we can perform drag and drop operation on page of software web application. Same API can help us to perform some other operations too like moveToElement, doubleClick, clickAndHold, moveToElement, etc..

47 : Do you have faced any technical challenges with Selenium WebDriver software test automation?

Answer : Yes, I have faced bellow given technical challenges during selenium webdriver test cases development and running for software web application.

• Sometimes (Not always), Some elements like text box, buttons etc. are taking more time(more than given Implicit wait time) to appear on page of software web application or to get enabled on page. In such situation, If I have used only Implicit wait then my test case can run fine on first run but It may fail to find element on second run. So we need provide special treatment for such elements so that webdriver script wait for element to be present or get enabled on page of software web application during test execution. We can use Explicit wait to handle this situation. You can find different explicit wait example links on THIS PAGE.
• Handling dynamic changing ID to locate element Is tricky. If element's ID Is changing every time when you reload the software web application page and you have to use that ID In XPath to locate element then you have to use functions like starts-with(@id,'post-body-') or contains(@id,'post-body-') In XPath. Other alternate solutions to handle this situation are described in answer of Question 15 of THIS PAGE.
• Clicking on sub menus which are getting rendered on mouse hover of main menu Is some what tricky. You need to use webdriver's Actions class to perform mouse hover operation. You can VIEW FULL EXAMPLE on how to generate mouse hover event on main menu.
• If you have to execute your test cases In multiple browsers then one test case can run successfully In Firefox browser but same test case may fail In IE browser due to the timing related Issues (nosuchelement exception) because test execution In Firefox browser Is faster than IE browser. You can resolve this Issue by Increasing Implicit wait time when you run your test In IE browser.
• Above Issue can arise due to the unsupported XPath In IE browser. In this case, You need to you OTHER ELEMENT LOCATING METHODS (ID, Name, CSSSelector etc.)to locate element.
• Handling JQuery elements like moving pricing slider, date picker, drag and drop etc.. Is tricky. You should have knowledge of webdriver's Advanced User Interactions API to perform all these actions. You can find few example links for working with JQuery Items on THIS PAGE.
• Working with multiple Windows, Frames, and some tasks like Extracting data from web table, Extracting data from dynamic web table, Extracting all Links from page, Extracting all text box from page are also tricky and time consuming during test case preparation.
• There Is not any direct command to upload or download files from web page using selenium webdriver. For downloading files usign selenium webdriver, You need to create and set Firefox browser profile with webdriver test case. You can VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE.
• Webdriver do not have any built In object repository facility. You can do It using java .properties file to create object repository as described In THIS EXAMPLE. 
• Webdriver do not have any built In framework or facility using which we can achieve bellow given tasks directly : 1. Capturing screenshots, 2. generating test execution log, 3. reading data from files, 4. Generating test result reports, Manage test case execution sequence. To achieve all these tasks, We have to use external services with webdriver like Log4J to generate log, Apache POI API to read data from excel files, Testng XSLT reports to generate test result reports. TestNG to manage test case execution, .properties file to create object repository. All these tasks are very time consuming. ON THIS PAGE, I have described how to create data driven framework step by step for selenium webdriver. That framework contains all above functionality.

48 : Can you tell me a syntax to close current webdriver Instance and to close all opened webdriver Instances?

Answer :
Yes, To close current WebDriver Instance, We can use Close() method as bellow.

driver.close();

If there are opened multiple webdriver Instances and wants to close all of them then we can use webdriver's quit() method as bellow in software automation test.

driver.quit();

49 : Is It possible to execute javascript directly during software test execution? If Yes then tell me how to generate alert by executing javascript In webdriver script?

Answer :
Yes, we can execute javascript during webdriver software test execution. To generate alert, You can write bellow given code In your script.

JavascriptExecutor javascript = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;

javascript.executeScript("alert('Javascript Executed.');");

VIEW DIFFERENT EXAMPLES to see usage of WebDriver's JavascriptExecutor.

50 : Give me a syntax to read javascript alert message string, clicking on OK button and clicking on Cancel button.

Answer :
We can read alert message string as bellow.

String alrtmsg = driver.switchTo().alert().getText();

We can click on OK button of alert as bellow.

driver.switchTo().alert().accept();

We can click on Cancel button of alert as bellow.

driver.switchTo().alert().dismiss();